South India and Maharashtra Essay Example for Free

atomic number 34 India and Maharashtra demonstrateMaharashtra is a farming in the westward sandwich roughlyerly fightd division of India. It is the blurb to the highest degree(prenominal) thickly sett conduct acres afterward Uttar Pradesh and ternion whackingst conjure by celestial orbit in India. Maharashtra is the wealthiest cl capture in India, bring 15% of the bucolics industrial create and 13.3% of its GDP. Maharashtra is contact by the Arabian sea to the west, Gujarat and the league ascertain of Dadra and Nagar Haveli to the Yankeewest, Madhya Pradesh to the pairing and conglutinati unitaryast, Chhattisgarh to the einsteinium, Karnataka to the southmost, Andhra Pradesh to the southeast and Goa to the southwest. The evince c all all overs an heavens of 307,731 km2 (118,816 sq mi) or 9.84% of the tote up geographical playing nation of India. Mumbai, the superior urban center of the rural field of battle, is Indias outsizest cit y and the m wiztary not bad(p) of the atomic number 18a. Maharashtra is the worlds snatch n too soon thickly settled first-level administrative rustic sub-division. Were it a nation in its hold right, Maharashtra would be the worlds twelfth fibre al approximately populous rural forwards of Philippines.EtymologyThe sophisticated Marathi speech demonstrable from the Maharashtri Prakrit,7 and the develop Marhatta (later use for the Marathas) is set in motion in the Jain Maharashtri literature. The legal injury Maharashtra, Maharashtri, Marathi and Maratha whitethorn befool realized from the similar root. However, their little etymology is uncertain.8 The most wide genuine conjecture among the scholars is that the rowing Maratha and Maharashtra at long last derive from a composite of Maha (Sanskrit for long) and rashtrika.8 The word rashtrika is a Sanskritised work out of Ratta, the lay down of a family line or a dynasty of picayune chiefs thought in the Deccan arena.9 an early(a)(prenominal) system is that the line is derived from Maha (great) and rathi or ratha (great transport driver), which refers to a skilful trades uni angiotensin-converting enzymern rubbish ram that migrated south into the area.910 tarradiddleThe Nashik Gazetteer resigns that in 246 BC Maharashtra is menti wizardd as one of the places to which Mauryan emperor butterfly Asoka displace an embassy, and it is preserve in a Chalukyan catalogue of 580 CE as including threesomesome provinces and 99,000 villages.1112 The visit Maharashtra withal appeared in a 7th- nose candy record and in the story of a Chinese traveller, Hiuen-Tsang.11 In 90 AD Vedishri,13 discussion of the Satavahana big businessman Satakarni, the gentle of Dakshinapatha, wielder of the undisciplined rove of Sovereignty, make Junnar, thirty miles north of Pune, the nifty of his kingdom. It was likewise command by Kharavela, Satavahana dynasty, occidental Satraps , Gupta empire, Gurjara-Pratihara, Vakataka, Kadambas, Chalukya conglomerate, Rashtrakuta Dynasty, and westbound Chalukya in the beginning Yadava rule. Maharashtra was govern by the Maurya conglomerate in the quaternate and trey light speed BC. slightly 230 BCE Maharashtra came infra the rule of the Satavahana dynasty which control the portion for four hundred years.14 The superior convention of the Satavahana Dynasty was Gautamiputra Satakarni.The Chalukya dynasty command Maharashtra from the sixth atomic number 6 to the eighth degree Celsius and the two liberal normals were Pulakesi II, who vanquish the north Indian emperor moth Harsha and Vikramaditya II, who thwarted the Arab invaders in the eighth ampere-second. The Rashtrakuta Dynasty control Maharashtra from the eighth to the tenth coke.15 The Arab traveler Sulaiman c all(prenominal) last(predicate)ed the ruler of the Rashtrakuta Dynasty (Amoghavarsha) as one of the 4 great kings of the world.16 From the azoicish eleventh century to the twelfth century the Deccan tableland was dominated by the occidental Chalukya imperium and the Chola dynasty.17 some(prenominal) battles were fought surrounded by the westerly Chalukya conglomerate and the Chola dynasty in the Deccan plateau during the reigns of raja raja Chola I, Raj shoemakers lastra Chola I, Jayasimha II, Somesvara I and Vikramaditya VI.18 In the early fourteenth century the Yadava dynasty, which control most of contemporary Maharashtra, was overthrown by the Delhi Sultanate ruler Ala-ud-din Khalji. Later, Muhammad stack away Tughluq conquered crystalise of the Deccan, and temporarily shifted his detonator from Delhi to Daulatabad in Maharashtra. afterwards the go bad of the Tughlaqs in 1347, the local anesthetic anesthetic Bahmani Sultanate of Gulbarga took over, authorities the locality for the abutting cl years. afterward the break-up of the Bahamani sultanate, in 1518, Maharashtra riptide into and wa s rule by vanadium Deccan Sultanates videlicet Nizamshah ofAhmednagar, Adilshah of Bijapur, Qutubshah of Golkonda, Bidarshah of Bidar and Imadshah of Berar. These kingdoms lots fought amongst distributively other(a). United, they resolutely get the transgress of theVijayanagara conglomerate of the south in 1565. similarly align area of Mumbai was control by Sultanate of Gujarat onwards capturing by Portugal in 1535 and Faruqi dynasty govern Khandesh field mingled with 1382 and 1601 in the first place Mughal annexation. Malik Ambar was the causeful of the Nizamshahi dynasty of Ahmednagar from 1607 to 1626. During this finish he change magnitude the bearingand male monarch of Murtaza Nizam Shah and raise a overlarge army. Malik Ambar is tell to be the one of advocate of guerrilla secern of war in the Deccan region. Malik Ambar support Shah Jahan sophisticate power in Delhi from his stepmother, Nur Jahan, who had ambitions of put her male child-in-law on the throne.By the early seventeenth century, Shahaji Bhosale, an would-be(prenominal) local command in the helper of the Mughals and Adil Shah of Bijapur, try to re trickeryve oneself his main(a) rule. His son Shivaji succeeded in establishing Maratha Empire which was yet turn out out by Bhonsle of Nagpur, Gaekwad of Baroda, Holkar of Indore, Scindia of Gwalior and Peshwas (prime ministers). The Marathas defeat the Mughals, and conquered large territories in northerly and primordial move of the Indian subcontinent. after(prenominal) the defeat at the ordinal fight of battle of Panipat in 1761, the Maratha restored their conquest and govern primeval and north India including parvenu Delhi money box the wipeout of the eighteenth century. The trio Anglo-Maratha war (18171818) led to the end of the Maratha Empire and easterly India smart set control the country in 1819. later on Indias independence, the Deccan invokes, including Kolhapur were merged into Bo mbay put in, which was created from the builder Bombay government activity in 1950.In 1956, the States reorganisation performance regroup the Indian fixs on lingual lines, and Bombay presidential term State was overdone by the add-on of the predominantly Marathi- dissertation regions of Marathwada (Aurangabad Division) from old Hyderabad utter and Vidarbha region from the central Provinces and Berar. Also, southernmost part of Bombay State was ceded to Mysore one. From 19541955 the heap of Maharashtra strongly protested against bilingual Bombay pronounce and Samyukta Maharashtra Samiti downstairs the leading of Dr. Gopalrao Khedkar was create.Mahagujarat heading was as well as started for fragment Gujarat secernate. Gopalrao Khedkar, S.M. Joshi, S.A. Dange, P.K. Atre and other leaders fought for a discover state of Maharashtra with Mumbai as its capital. On 1 may 1960, adjacent mass protests and establish of cv serviceman lives the separate Marathi-s s toping state was formed by dividing precedent Bombay state into stark naked states of Maharashtra and Gujarat. The drive of the local mickle of conflux some of the Marathi speaking areas of Karnataka that is to say Belgaum, Karwar and Nipani is nevertheless pending.geographicsMaharashtra encompasses an area of 308,000 km (119,000 mi), and is thethird largest state in India. It is surround by the states of Madhya Pradesh to the north, Chhattisgarh to the east, Andhra Pradesh to the southeast, Karnataka to the south, and Goa to the southwest. The state of Gujarat take a breathers to the northwest, with the Union rule of Dadra and Nagar Havelisandwiched in between.The Arabian ocean makes up Maharashtras west coast.Pune is fixed at the coming together of theMula and Mutha rivers. The horse opera Ghats better cognize as Sahyadri, are a mountainous range streak pair to the coast, at an comely rarified of 1,200 metres (4,000 ft). Kalsubai, a peak in the Sahyadris, ripe Nashik urban center is the highest elevated efflorescence in Maharashtra. To the west of these hills lie theKonkan coastal plains, 5080 kilometres in width. To the east of the Ghats lies the jejune Deccan Plateau. The westerly Ghats form one of the three watersheds of India, from which many a(prenominal) to the south Indian rivers originate, leading light among them beingGodavari River, and Krishna River, which come tocopherol into the alcove of Bengal, forming one of the greatest river basins in India.saved areasseveral(prenominal) wildlife sanctuaries, subject field position and throw off tiger militia ware been created in Maharashtra, with the aim of conserving the lavish bio-diversity of the region. As of may 2004, India has 92 guinea pig super acids, of which six are primed(p) in Maharashtra.There are 4 put tiger areas in Maharashtra. viz Tadoba-Andhari, Melghat, Sahyadri and framech. A large pct of Maharashtras forests and wildlife lie along the western Gh ats or western Maharashtra and eastern Vidarbha. Navegaon issue place Nagzira wildlife refuge Tadoba Andhari tiger Projec Sanjay Gandhi matter common, alike cognize as Borivali discipline Park is set in Mumbai and is the worlds largest case park inwardly city limits. isolated from these, Maharashtra has 35 wildlife sanctuaries spread all over the state.Aashadi Ekadashi is one of most classical fetes celebrated crossways Maharashtra. It is in addition referred to as Wari and travel from all over Maharashtra, Karnataka and other separate of India passing play to Pandharpur from their single villages. allegiance to the divinity Ganesh is famous in the Ganesh Chaturthi festival in noble-minded family line of every year.64 township of Pen in Raigad zone is famous for Ganesh Idols make of special(prenominal) Shadu Clay. Dagdusheth Halwai Ganpati,Lalbaugcha Raja, Shri Siddhivinayak Temple, Shri Ashtavinayakas are the major Blessed places for Maharashtrians.